Effect of Tool Shoulder-to-Pin Diameter Ratio (D/d) on the Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Processed Mg-Micro Al₂O₃ Composite

The engineering industry uses magnesium as it is a low density to lightweight ratio material and able replace the heavier material. Friction stir processing an applicable method modify structural properties of workpiece. H13 steel tools are produced into several tool parameters with different shoulder diameters pin (D/d) ratios. A fixed machining parameter 1040 rpm for spindle speed 17 mm/min traverse was used throughout this study. Contact between workpiece produces frictional heat that softens By creating alloys metal matrix composites (MMC), microsized aluminum oxide powder (Al2O3) reinforced during FSP enhance mechanical alloy AZ91A. aim study analyze obtain optimal process Mg-Micro Al2O3. microstructure FSPed Al2O3 observed using light microscope, specifically on grain size. hardness test done utilizing Rockwell Hardness Tester validate changes in hardness. diameter 12 mm found be most suitable fewer defects finer